The “Gen Z” movement, which began in Nepal on 23 Bhadra 2082, has had a profound impact on the political and social structure of Nepal. While analyzing this movement, it is necessary to study its background, causes, socio-political impact, current challenges and future prospects in detail.
Background and Causes of the Movement
The government’s move to ban social media platforms created a crisis in freedom of expression. According to the decision of the Council of Ministers on 9 Bhadra 2082, 26 social media apps that could not be registered with the Ministry of Information and Communications were to be closed. After major platforms including Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, X (Twitter), and WhatsApp were deactivated, there was great anger among the younger generation. Not only this, but also exposed the deep resentment against nepotism (“Nepo Babies”) and corruption in the political sector. The youth expressed their dissatisfaction on social media platforms by showing the luxurious lifestyle of the children of political families.
Along with the social media ban, long-term unemployment, lack of education and healthcare services, economic inequality and family politics posed severe challenges to the younger generation. The feeling that the careers and future of Nepali youth were insecure brought them to the center of the movement.
Developments of the movement
From 23 Bhadra 2082, thousands of young people began protesting in major cities of the country including Kathmandu. A large gathering took place in front of Maitighar Mandala, the Parliament building, where protesters attacked a police station, raised flags and shouted slogans. The police fired tear gas, water cannons and bullets, due to which 19 people lost their lives and more than 300 were injured. Due to the spread of violent incidents, a curfew was imposed in the capital and security was tightened. Some government ministers resigned, taking moral responsibility.
Political and social impact
The Gen Z movement raised widespread questions about corruption and family power dynamics across the country. It also forced Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli to resign, which dealt a major blow to Nepal’s old political system. The youth have started demanding accountability and transparency from the political leadership. The movement has also challenged the former major parties including the Congress and the Maoists.
Nepal has always been caught in a game of political instability and coalitions. The Prime Minister has changed 14 times in the past 15 years, which has hindered sustainable political development. The influence of neighboring India and China has limited Nepal’s independence in policy decisions.
Challenges and Risks
There are many reasons for the lack of long-term stability in Nepal’s political leadership, including unstable coalitions between parties, corruption, and personal and family interests. The youth movement has brought great pressure, but its effective resolution remains challenging. If the government fails to meet the demands of the youth, social unrest may resume.
Nepal’s economic situation is still weak. The economic growth rate is low and unemployment is high. There is a dependence on remittances from Nepalis working abroad, which weakens domestic industry and job creation. All of this increases social tension.
Political instability and repression by security forces are elements that can lead to a recurrence of violent incidents. A long-term solution is not possible without reforms to the constitutional and legal systems.
Opportunities and Prospects
The Gen Z movement has brought a new revolution in political consciousness. The younger generation has awakened the consciousness of holding the governance system accountable. The use of new technology, social media and digital platforms has facilitated the path of political change.
The next government has the opportunity to take strong steps against corruption, create employment opportunities for the youth, and improve education and health services. If political parties work with faith in transparency and accountability, Nepal can embrace lasting peace and prosperity.
Nepal will have to develop self-reliant economic policies while maintaining balanced relations with its neighbors. Political stability and development can be advanced by making long-term plans and policies that prioritize national interests.
Conclusion
The Gen Z movement in Nepal has presented a new challenge to the old political structure. While corruption, family power, and political instability have affected the country, this movement of the younger generation has offered the possibility of reviving democratic traditions. Only if the upcoming leadership prioritizes transparency, accountability, and inclusion can Nepal achieve its goals of stability and prosperity. The expression and activism of the youth will prove to be powerful for strengthening democracy and social justice
In addition, Nepal needs to focus on constitutionally mandated legal reforms, inclusive governance, and the development of effective federalism. Only through such steps can national instability be averted and lasting peace established.
